ASSOCIATION OF FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS: "RESULTS FROM A SEMI-URBAN POPULATION BASED STUDY ON 1502 SUBJECTS"

CHARAN REDDY K.V.¹, NIKHILA A.P.², GHANEKAR J.³*
¹Department of Internal Medicine, MGM Medical College & University, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai- 410 209, MS, India.
²Department of Internal Medicine, MGM Medical College & University, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai- 410 209, MS, India.
³Department of Internal Medicine, MGM Medical College & University, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai- 410 209, MS, India.
* Corresponding Author : jaishreeghanekar@gmail.com

Received : 28-02-2014     Accepted : 10-03-2014     Published : 05-04-2014
Volume : 5     Issue : 1       Pages : 70 - 76
J Clin Res Lett 5.1 (2014):70-76
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0976-7061.5.1.70-76

Keywords : Obesity, BMI, CVD, FBG, Waist circumference
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : We acknowledge the contribution of many people involved in facili-tating the work reported here. We are also thankful to all partici-pants of the study for their co-operation,because of whom this study was possible.

Background- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in India. CVD risk profile differs in different regions and ethnic groups. However, considerable research is required to comprehend the actual trends. Regionally representative and reliable prevalence data on FBG and association with CVD are scarce. Aims and Objectives- The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and its relationship with CVD risk. Methodology- This is a randomized study conducted in the semi-urban region of Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. We enrolled 1502 participants (aged 15–95 years of age) using a convenience sampling technique. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain the bio-data and past medical history. Blood pressure, anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured. Data obtained was analyzed using the Graph Pad Prism software version 5.0. Results- Out of the 1502 participants that came for screening, 912 males (60.70%) and 590 (39.30%) were females. Their mean age was 50.96 ± 21.37 years. All the participants examined for major CVD risk factors (95% CI) comprising FBG (28.83%), diabetes (6.0%), hypertension (25.80%), 27.40% (95% CI) over weight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and about 22.0% were found to be obese. Females had a higher mean BMI than males. While 33.16% (95% CI) had truncal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 90 cm) and waist: hip ratio (0. 94 cm). The current smokers and alcoholic subjects were 37.10 and 39.60% respectively. Of the 42.0% subjects (631 of 1502) had 3 risk factors, 3. 3% (48 of 1502) had 5 risk factors, 0.93% (14 of 1502) had 9 risk factors and 0.13% (2 of 1502) had 10 risk factors. All 695 MS subjects (46.27%) had high FBG levels (≥ 126 mg/dL). About 31.70% individuals were physically active. In majority of individuals, the most common risk factors observed were abnormally high total cholesterol (32.69%) (491 of 1502); low HDL-c (53.06%) (797 of 1502), high TG (37.02%) (556 of 1502) and high LDL-c (17.04%) (256 of 1502) levels. Conclusion- Association of FBG, BMI, total cholesterol and LDL-c were increased with the increase of age. Elevated FBG is quite common in our study population and it contributes to the occurrence of CVD risk. Physical activity for at least 30 minutes/day should be encouraged in order to reduce the risk of CVD.

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