The length-weight relationship and condition factor of six cichlid fish species inhabiting Anambra River were studied. The cichlid fish species were Chromidotilapia guntheri Sauvage 1882, Hemichromis bimaculatus Gill 1862, Tilapia zillii Gervais 1848, Hemichromis fasciatus Peters 1857, Tilapia mariae Boulenger 1899 and Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), obtained from fish landing sites of the river at Ogurugu, Nsugbe and Otuocha. C. guntheri, H. bimaculatus and T. zillii exhibited positive allometric growth with b = 3.452, 3.828 and 3.210, respectively, while H. fasciatus, T. mariae and O. niloticus exhibited negative allometric growth with b = 2.667, 2.272 and 2.792, respectively. There was difference in the condition factors for the combined fish species and the monthly factor for each fish species studied: C. guntheri was 3.44 ± 0.39, H. fasciatus (2.85 ± 0.30), H. bimaculatus (3.52 ± 0.20), T. zillii (3.77 ± 0.30), T. mariae (2.69 ± 0.28) and O. niloticus (2.91 ± 0.31). All species studied were in good condition. Relatively high condition factors of cichlid species estimated in the present study indicated that the physicochemical and biotic variables in the river were within acceptable limits for fish production freshwater ecosystem.

This study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance, body composition, lipid peroxidation, lipid profile, liver and dorsal muscle histpathological status of Juvenile Nile tilapia fed isonitrogenous (32%), isocaloric (3000 kcal/kg) diets containing different types of oils (cod liver oil (CLO), linseed oil (LO), olive oil (OO)) or a blend of equal proportions of CLO and vegetable oils (CLO: LO, CLO: OO) at 3 % of the diets for 60 days. Significant differences were observed in final body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) due to feeding diets containing different types of oils. The diet containing 3% cod liver oil or linseed oil produced the best BW (81.69, 82.55), WG (34.53, 35.82), SGR (0.94, 0.93) and FCR (1.99, 1.94). Whereas, the diet containing a blend of CLO and LO (1:1) at 3% showed the poorest growth performance (BW, WG, SGR and FCR). Hepatosomatic index (HSI) was not significantly affected by feeding the different types of oils, meanwhile the viscerosomatic index (VSI) and the protein and ash percentages of whole fish body fed the diets containing CLO or LO were higher than other groups. The fish group fed the diet supplemented with OO had higher liver cholesterol and triglycerides levels than other experimental groups. The muscle cholesterol level was the highest in fish group fed the diet containing LO but had a lower level of triglycerides than other treatment groups. The type of lipid source significantly affected the lipid peroxidation of the liver and the fish flesh. The fish fed the diet containing 3% of OO presented the lowest level of the liver and the fish flesh lipid peroxidation (expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to another diets. Feeding of OO containing diet led to increase lipid deposition in the liver and the fish flesh. Liver histopathology of Nile tilapia fed 3% LO revealed mild lipid accumulation with central round nuclei. However, fish fed diet supplemented with a blend of equal proportions of CLO and OO and 3% OO showed intense steatosis with hepatocytes containing numerous lipid vacuoles and eccentric compressed or absent nuclei. Moreover, fish flesh of group fed diet containing 3% LO had only a focal area of fibrosis. In conclusion, dietary substitution of CLO with LO gave the best chemical, nutritional and histopathological results.

Aspects of food and feeding profile and haematoplasma chemistry of the Protopterus annectens were studied over 12 months. The 1131 fish (30.6-46.1cm TL) examined for food composition 22 (2.04%) had full stomachs, 513 (49.81%) empty and 496 (48.15%), partially-filled stomachs. It fed on fish (98.60% IFD) while frog eggs, gastropods, cephalopods, tadpole, insect remnants and seeds were of minor importance, each forming <1.00 % IFD of diet. The mean blood parameters obtained were Haemoglobin (Hb) 33 ±0.61g/dl; Packed Cell Volume (PCV) 26.00 ± 2.73%; Red Blood Cells (RBC) 4.29 ± 0.32 x 10⁶ cells/mm³; White Blood Cells 2.40 ± 0.34 x 10⁴ cells mm³; Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) 29.33 ± 2.72µm; Mean Cellular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) 32.00 ± 2.39%; Mean Cellular Haemoglobin (MCH) 19.00 ± 2.55pg; Mean Cellular Volume (MCV) 60.67 ± 2.57µm³;.Biochemical profile gave: plasma sodium 11.66 +/- 1.55 Mm, plasma potassium 16.64 +/- 3.27 mM, plasma chloride 2.76 +/- 1.16 mM, plasma magnesium 4.38 +/- 1.65 mM, plasma phosphorous 362.20 +/- 183.73 mM, plasma glucose 39.69 +/- 1.65 mg/dl and plasma albumin 4.2 +/- 0.92 mg/dl. Blood Group 0- (83%) and 0+ (17%), Genotype AS (86%) and AA (14%).Digestive enzymes assays revealed an array of glycosidase; proteases and lipases.

The breeding biology and haematological profile of the commercially important osteoglossid, Gymnarchus niloticus, was studied from Ausgust 2011 to December,2012 in semi-intensively managed ponds in the floodplain in the Anambra, river. Gymnarchus niloticus matured after the first year when they were 121-189mm in total length. The breeding season lasted from March to September, and recruitment of the osteoglossids into the artisanal fishery began from the latter month. The number of oocytes in both ovaries ranged from 1974-9310. Fecundity-weight relationship was linear and positively correlated = 1451.64+77.19x,r2 = 0.82. Spawn able oocytes, which constituted over 91% of gonad weight, ranged from 1.05 to 1.75mm in diameter. The haematological characteristics of Gymnarchus niloticus (mean weight 140.21±0.21g SD; mean length 114.22 ±0.15cm SD) from the semi-intensively managed ponds of River Anambra were assessed and the values recorded were (mean±SD), Haemoglobin (Hb) 6.44±0.43g dL^-1; Haematocrit (Ht) 20.80±0.43%; Leucocrite (Lct), 6.93±0.29%; White Blood Cells (WBC), 29.64±0.67x109 cells L^-1; Red Blood Cell (RBC) 2.53±0.03x10¹² cells L^-1; Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCHC), 31.36±0.98g dL-1; Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) 25.60±0.81pg; Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) 81.16±1.81fI; Thrombocytes (Thr), 173.93±3.46%, Neutrophils (Neut) 35.81±0.85%; Lymphocytes (Lymp) 46.09±1.01%; Monocytes (Mon) 2.25±0.09%. The highest range of the parameters was recorded in thrombocytes platelets, while the lowest was observed in RBC. Significant differences (P<0.05) between males and females were observed in (Hb), (Ht), (RBC) and thrombocytes, when compared with the values recorded in MCHC, MCH, MCV, WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes.

On the Mediterranean coast of Morocco (M'diq), there is a fish aquafarm. When mussel spat cross randomly this farming area, they attach themselves to the sides of the fish cages, making the latter undergo an incipient colonization. This article examines the reproductive cycle of the mussels aggregation concerning the Mytilus galloprovincialis species. The sampling was held over an unusually long period, from March 2009 to March 2011, we considered the following two biological parameters: the gonad index and condition index at a rate of one sample per month. We identified three periods of significant gametes emissions. In conclusion, given the constantly spawning activity, this area deserves further exploration in order to generalize the mussel farming in coexistence with the fish farming.