ON FARM STUDY ON MICRO IRRIGATION EFFECT OF ENHANCING WATER PRODUCTIVITY OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) UNDER DIFFERENT CROP ESTABLISHMENT METHODS IN HARYANA, INDIA

N. SHARMA¹, A.K. BHARDWAJ², P. SOMAN³*, T. PANDIARAJ⁴, B.K. LABH^5
1Executive Engineer, Irrigation and Water Resources Division, Haryana, India
²Agronomist, Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., Jalgaon, 425001, Maharashtra, India
³Principal Agronomist (Global), Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., Jalgaon, 425001, Maharashtra, India
⁴College of Agriculture, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 224229, Uttar Pradesh, India
⁵Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., Jalgaon, 425001, Maharashtra, India
* Corresponding Author : dr.soman@jains.com

Received : 01-08-2021     Accepted : 27-08-2021     Published : 30-08-2021
Volume : 13     Issue : 8       Pages : 10855 - 10862
Int J Agr Sci 13.8 (2021):10855-10862

Keywords : Drip irrigation, DSR, Rice, Sprinkler, Water productivity, Economic water productivity, Physical water productivity, Crop establishment
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : Authors are thankful to CADA, Government of Haryana and Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., Jalgaon, 425001, Maharashtra, India
Author Contribution : All authors equally contributed

The growing scarcity of water for irrigation warrants improved water productivity to maintain the present agricultural production. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the water productivity of rice under different crop establishment methods and irrigation systems. Three rice establishment methods consisting of direct-seeded rice (DSR), mechanical transplanted rice (Mech. TPR) and manual transplanted rice (manual TPR) were evaluated along with three irrigation systems, conventional flood irrigation, drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation systems against farmers’ practice. On-farm evaluation is conducted at Gumthala Garhu village, Pehowa, Kurukshetra district, Haryana, India from 2018 to 2020 during Kharif (June-September) seasons. The study showed that the manual TPR produced highest grain yield of rice (6781 kg ha-1) compared to the other establishment methods. Drip irrigation resulted in highest yield (6851 kg ha-1)) and flood irrigation had lowest grain yield in all three years. Statistically, the manual TPR had high PWPIWU and TCWU than other rice establishment methods and farmers practice. Similarly, drip irrigation resulted in higher PWPIWU and TCWU over other irrigation practices. Drip irrigation provided 2.44 & 3.24 times higher PWPIWU than flood irrigation & farmers practice, respectively. The EWP and EWPIWU&TCWU over three years were highest for the manual TPR (Rs. 14.70 m-3 & Rs. 7.96 m-3, respectively) while it was lowest for DSR. Drip irrigation produced highest EWPIWU&TCWU with Rs. 16.84 & 8.86 m-3, respectively. Rice in Haryana alone consumed about 132.5 cm ha-1 (8.12 BCM) of irrigation water out of the total 221 km-3 water consumed by rice in whole of India. It has a PWP of 0.40 kg grain m-3 of TCWU and 0.22 kg grain of irrigation water alone. It is equivalent to an EWP of Rs. 6.82 m-3 in that state. Water saving in terms of water used to produce one kg grain yield (l kg-1) of rice by converting from conventional farmers' practice to drip irrigation can support a 52% expansion in the current rice irrigated area in this region. Hence, micro irrigation, particularly drip irrigation is a viable option for irrigated rice that will enable growth of food production. This is also a sustainable method to meet the future demand of the growing population under declining resources

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