OPTIMIZED COMBINATIONS OF OCIMUM ESSENTIAL OILS INHIBIT GROWTH OF FOUR Candida albicans

HZOUNDA F.J.B.¹*, JAZET D.P.M.², BAKARNGA V.I.³, NGO MBACK M.N.L.⁴, ZEUKO'O M.E.⁵, FALL A.D.⁶, BASSENE E.⁷, FEKAM B.F.^8
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
²Department of Biochemistry, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
³Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
⁴Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
⁵Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
⁶Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
⁷Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
⁸Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
* Corresponding Author : hzoundafokou@yahoo.fr

Received : 11-03-2014     Accepted : 03-04-2014     Published : 03-07-2014
Volume : 6     Issue : 1       Pages : 198 - 206
Int J Drug Discov 6.1 (2014):198-206
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.9735/0975-4423.6.1.198-206

Keywords : Ocimum, Essential oil, Chemical Composition, Candida albicans, Multiple Response Optimization
Conflict of Interest : None declared
Acknowledgements/Funding : The authors thank M. TACHAM Wilfried, from the University of Bamenda for the plant identification on field and Dr Jonathan Polonsky from Communication in Science for his help in English proof and reorganization of this paper

Drug combinations against candidiasis and other fungal infections have been considered as alternatives for mono-therapy. However, there are no data available on the combination of essential oils from Ocimum genus.The aim of this work is the optimization of essential oils derived from Cameroon-grown Ocimum against four Candida albicans. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation. The anti-candidal activities were assessed using broth dilution technique and the combinatorial analysis was done using central composite design, the latter being maximised by a multiple response optimization approach. The optimums were tested for their efficiency using the time kill kinetic approach. Linalool (53.34%), 1,8 Cineol (55.32%), γ-Terpinene (24.54%), Eugenol (26.01%) were the major componentsfor Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum canum, Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum urticaefolium respectively. The most active oil was Ocimum gratissimum followed by Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum urticaefolium, the least active being Ocimum canum. The optimum values were 0.62/0.14mg/ml with desirability of 96%for the combination of Ocimum basilicum / Ocimum gratissimum and 0.58/0.14mg/ml with the desirability of 98% for Ocimum urticaefolium / Ocimum gratissimum. The optimum values of 0.56/0.63mg/ml and the desirability of 100%for the combination of Ocimum urticaefolium / Ocimum basilicum. All these combinations inhibited the growth of the fungal strain for 20 hours. Our research shows that the Ocimum essential oils have an antifungal activity and that this potential is increased when the essential oils are combined. More research is needed to extend this potential to other microbial strains.

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